Midrash for Bava Kamma 3:3

הַמּוֹצִיא אֶת תִּבְנוֹ וְאֶת קַשּׁוֹ לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים לִזְבָלִים, וְהֻזַּק בָּהֶן אַחֵר, חַיָּב בְּנִזְקוֹ, וְכָל הַקּוֹדֵם בָּהֶן זָכָה. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, כָּל הַמְקַלְקְלִין בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים וְהִזִּיקוּ, חַיָּבִין לְשַׁלֵּם, וְכָל הַקּוֹדֵם בָּהֶן זָכָה. הַהוֹפֵךְ אֶת הַגָּלָל בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, וְהֻזַּק בָּהֶן אַחֵר, חַיָּב בְּנִזְקוֹ:

If one takes his hay and straw out to the public domain for fertilizer, [i.e., so that it decay and become fertilizer for fields or vineyards], and another is injured thereby, he is liable for his injury. And whoever is first (to take them) acquires them, [the rabbis having penalized him.] R. Shimon b. Gamliel says: All who spoil the public domain, [even if they do so licitly (as in the time when fertilizer is taken out)], if injury is caused thereby, they must pay; and whoever is first (to take the things put there) acquires them. If one turns over animal dung in the public domain, and another is injured thereby, he is liable for his injury.

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